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スーダン共和国カッサラ州における外来植物メスキート(Prosopis juliflora) の降雨に対する応答と家畜による種子拡散
http://hdl.handle.net/10659/4158
http://hdl.handle.net/10659/415857c8428d-bad4-4ecc-b61b-4113b8ec541e
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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Nishimura_syuuron.pdf (3.2 MB)
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| Item type | 学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1) | |||||||
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| 公開日 | 2015-06-17 | |||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||
| タイトル | スーダン共和国カッサラ州における外来植物メスキート(Prosopis juliflora) の降雨に対する応答と家畜による種子拡散 | |||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec | |||||||
| 資源タイプ | thesis | |||||||
| 著者 |
西村, 一也
× 西村, 一也
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| 抄録 | ||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||
| 内容記述 | [Objectives] Mesquite(Prosopis juliflora) is a shrub or small tree in the Fabaceae family. It is native to South America. Mesquite was introduced into Kassala state, eastern Sudan by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), an international organization, for the plant's high usability as a stabilization of sand dyne, feed for livestock, and building material. However Mesquite has invaded beyond the place where it is managed artificially. Mesquite adapts to arid and semi—arid land through various living strategy, with there is hardly any precipitation in dry season. Mesquite expands to other areas through river water. Additionally it is suggested that expansion of Mesquite to other areas by livestock. Based on these situations, there are two objectives in this study. 1. To clarify the difference of Mesquite vegetation activity between rainy season and dry season; 2. To clarify Mesquite without effect of river water on hill, and the place far from the river that was expanded by livestock. [Methods] The study site is Atbara river basin between Kassala state and A1 Qadarif state in eastern Sudan. ( 15° 3' 37. 40"N, 35 ° 58' 3. 15"E ) and we calculate vegetation activity by MSAVI2(The modified soil-adjusted vegetation index) from the two satellite images. The one is LANDSAT image from 1986 to 2014 for analyzing area of Mesquite. The other one is Terra MODIS image from 2000 to 2012 for analyzing response of Mesquite to precipitation. We carried out the field investigation in December 2013. In the field we measured stomatal conductance and spectral feature of Mesquite and trees of original species for comparing difference between them. We collected satellite tracking data of livestock for analyzing home range by LoCoH model. Also stocking of the livestock and interview with the herdsman regarding impression of Mesquite. Finally we collected and analyzed 10 points of Mesquite on hill by ASTER GDEM 30m elevation data. [Result] The Mesquite adapted to arid and semi-arid land by inhibiting stomatal conductance and maintaining high vegetation activity. The area of Mesquite expanded 12. 4 times from 1986 to 2005 and grow thick at inside of the curve of river. From 2005 to 2014, the area of Mesquite decreased. This is because of the Mesquite removal policy by Sudanese government started in June 2006. We also confirmed that local people in Kassala removed Mesquite. Response of Mesquite activity by precipitation from 2000 to 2012, before precipitation peak is a positive correlation of time lag 2 months with a significance level of 1%. On the other hand after precipitation peak is positive correlation of time lag 6 months with a significance level of 1%. From this result, Mesquite is repeated seasonal variation. According to the result of the LoCoH model of livestock, they accessed to the Atbara river and stayed long. There is a possibility that the livestock graze Mesquite seeds. We confirmed that livestock graze on hill and their droppings included Mesquite seeds. Moreover there were 10 Mesquite points on hill. This is a mechanism of Mesquite expansion by livestock. | |||||||
| 書誌情報 | p. 1-76, 発行日 2014 | |||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||
| 出版タイプ | AM | |||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |||||||
| その他のタイトル | ||||||||
| その他のタイトル | The response to precipitation of Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) and the seeds diffusion by livestock in Kassala state, Sudan | |||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||
| 内容記述 | Thesis | |||||||
| 学位名 | ||||||||
| 学位名 | 酪農学 | |||||||
| 学位授与機関 | ||||||||
| 学位授与機関名 | 酪農学園大学 | |||||||
| 学位授与年月日 | ||||||||
| 学位授与年月日 | 2014 | |||||||
