@article{oai:rakuno.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002161,
 author = {YAMASHITA, Kazuto and 山下, 和人 and OKANO, Yoshihiko and YAMASHITA, Maiko and UMAR, Mohammed A. and KUSHIRO, Tokiko and MUIR, William W.},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {The journal of veterinary medical science},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Article, Sparing effects of carprofen and meloxicam with or without butorphanol on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane were determined in 6 dogs. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen, and MAC was determined by use of a tail clamp method. The dogs were administered a subcutaneous injection of carprofen (4 mg/kg) or meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg), or no medication (control) one hour prior to induction of anesthesia. Following the initial determination of MAC, butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly, and MAC was determined again. The sevoflurane MACs for carprofen alone (2.10 ± 0.26%) and meloxicam alone (2.06 ± 0.20%) were significantly less than the control (2.39 ± 0.26%). The sevoflurane MACs for the combination of carprofen with butorphanol (1.78 ± 0.20%) and meloxicam with butorphanol (1.66 ± 0.29%) were also significantly less than the control value after the administration of butorphanol (2.12 ± 0.28%). The sevoflurane sparing effects of the combinations of carprofen with butorphanol and meloxicam with butorphanol were additive.},
 pages = {29--35},
 title = {Effects of carprofen and meloxicam with or without butorphanol on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs},
 volume = {70},
 year = {2008}
}