@article{oai:rakuno.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005713,
 author = {EL-HAWARI, Sayed Fathi and SAKATA, Hisashi and OYAMA, Norihiko and TAMURA, Jun and HIGUCHI, Chika and ENDO, Yusuke and 三好, 健二郎 and SANO, Tadashi and 鈴木, 一由 and YAMASHITA, Kazuto and 山下, 和人},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {The Journal of veterinary medical science},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {Article, The anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of xylazine-alfaxalone combination were evaluated in calves. Six calves (age: 6–9 months old; weight: 114–310 kg) were anesthetized with intravenous alfaxalone 15 min after administration of intramuscular saline (0.5 ml/100 kg) or xylazine (0.1 mg/kg; 0.5 ml/100 kg of a 2% xylazine solution). Anesthesia induction was smooth and orotracheal intubation was achieved in all calves. The calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone required a smaller induction dose of alfaxalone (1.23 ± 0.17 mg/kg, P=0.010) and accepted endotracheal intubation for a significantly longer period (16.8 ± 7.2 min, P=0.022) than the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone (2.28 ± 0.65 mg/kg 7.3 ± 1.6 min). At 5 min after induction, tachycardia (heart rate: 166 ± 47 beats/min of heart rate), hypertension (mean arterial blood pressure: 147 ± 81 mmHg) and hypoxemia (partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen [PaO2]: 43 ± 10 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone, whereas hypoxemia (PaO2: 47 ± 7 mmHg) and mild hypercapnia (partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide: 54 ± 5 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone. Premedication with xylazine provided a sparing effect on the induction dose of alfaxalone and a prolongation of anesthetic effect. Oxygen supplementation should be considered to prevent hypoxemia during anesthesia.},
 pages = {361--367},
 title = {Anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of single-bolus intravenous alfaxalone with or without intramuscular xylazine-premedication in calves},
 volume = {80},
 year = {2018}
}